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ANZAC COVE
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ANZAC Cove is a small cove on the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. The cove is a mere 600m long, bounded by the headlands of Ari Burnu to the north and Little Ari Burnu, known as Hell Spit, to the south. Following the landing at ANZAC Cove, the beach became the main base for the Australian and New Zealand troops for the eight months of the Battle of Gallipoli. ANZAC Cove is where the ANZACs were mistakenly landed after being transported by British transports to the wrong landing place. They missed the original landing site and ended up landing at ANZAC Cove. They were attacked on landing but prevailed pushing the Turks back, leaving them safe to unload. ANZAC Cove was always within a kilometre of the front-line, well within the range of Turkish artillery though spurs from the high ground of Plugge's Plateau, which rose above Ari Burnu, provided some protection. General William Birdwood, commander of ANZAC, made his headquarters in a gully overlooking the cove, as did the commanders of the New Zealand and Australian Division and the Australian 1st Division. It was on 29 April that General Birdwood recommended that the original landing site between the two headlands be known as "ANZAC Cove" and that the surrounding, hitherto nameless, area occupied by his corps be known as "ANZAC". Australian 4th Battalion troops landing in ANZAC Cove, 25 April 1915.The beach itself became an enormous supply dump and two field hospitals were established, one at either end. Four floating jetties were quickly constructed for the landing of stores, later replaced in July by a permanent structure known as "Watson's Pier". The volume of stores quickly overflowed onto the adjacent beaches; firstly onto "Brighton Beach" to the south of the cove and later onto North Beach beyond Ari Burnu. Three wireless radio stations were established on the beach to maintain contact with the fleet. Memorial of ANZAC Cove; commemorating the loss of thousands of Turkish and ANZAC soldiers in Gallipoli: Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives… you are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets where they lie side by side here in this country of ours… You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries, wipe away your tears. Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. Having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well. While the cove was relatively sheltered from shellfire from across the peninsula — the Chanak forts, as well as the Turkish battleships Turgut Reis and Hayreddin Barbarossa anchored in the Dardanelles, shelled the waters off the cove — it was partially exposed to view from Gaba Tepe to the south and completely open to view from Nibrunesi Point at the southern tip of Suvla Bay to the north. Nibrunesi Point was under the guns of the Royal Navy so was never used to fire on ANZAC, however the well-concealed Turkish battery at Gaba Tepe, known as "Beachy Bill", was a constant menace. Despite the shelling, ANZAC Cove was a popular swimming beach for the soldiers — at ANZAC it was a struggle to supply sufficient water for drinking, there was rarely any available for washing. When swimming, most soldiers disregarded all but the fiercest shelling rather than interrupt the one luxury available to them. On ANZAC Day in 1985, the name "ANZAC Cove" was officially recognised by the Turkish government. The ANZAC Day dawn service was held at Ari Burnu Cemetery within the cove until 1999 when the number of people attending outgrew the site. A purpose built "ANZAC Commemorative Site" was constructed nearby on North Beach in time for the 2000 service. Over the years, ANZAC Cove beach has been degraded by erosion, and the construction of the coast road from Gaba Tepe to Suvla, originally started by Australian engineers just prior to the evacuation of ANZAC in December 1915, resulted in the beach being further reduced and bounded by a steep earth embankment. The only way onto the beach was via the CWGC cemeteries at each headland, Ari Burnu Cemetery, and Beach Cemetery. In 2003 the Australian government announced that it was negotiating with Turkey to place ANZAC Cove on the National Heritage List, which included Australian sites such as the Eureka Stockade gardens. However this request was dismissed by the Turkish government as the Gallipoli peninsula itself is Turkish territory and already a national park in the Turkish National Park System. In 2004 the Australian Minister for Veteran's Affairs, Danna Vale, made a request to the Turkish authorities that roadworks be carried out in the area. In 2005, the resultant efforts to widen the road to provide a bus parking area for the Commemorative Site covered some of the remaining beach, making it impossible to traverse, and cut into Plugge's Plateau, making the path to the summit and Plugge's Plateau Cemetery impassable. Concerns were expressed that human remains from unmarked graves may have been uncovered and discarded. Other locations on our ANZAC Day Gallipoli tour are:
Kabatepe War Museum » ANZAC Cove » Ari Burnu » Beach Cemetery » Shrapnel Valley » Unknown Soldier Monument » Quinns Post » The Nek » Lone Pine Australian Memorial » 57th Regiment Memorial » Johnstons Jolly Trenches » Chunuk Bair New Zealand Memorial contact form |
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